Company
 

术语表: P

A  B  C  D  E  F  G  H  I  J  K  L  M  N  O  P  Q  R  S  T  U  V  W  X  Y  Z 
 

严格地说,半导体是一种导电性介于绝缘体和导体之间的材料。半导体可以是单个的元素,如硅或锗,也可以是化合物,如砷化镓或磷化铟。然而,我们平常说的“半导体”多指用半导体材料制作的元件。

  • 239Pu
    Plutonium-239 --钚-239
  • P
    Phosphorus --磷
  • P3GA
    Power Plastic Pin Grid Array --功率塑料插脚栅格阵列
  • P&D
    Price and Delivery --价格和交货
  • P&I
    Process & Instrumentation --方法和仪器
  • P&L
    Profit and Loss --利润和亏损
  • PA
    Power Amplifier --功率放大器
  • PABX
    Private Automatic Branch eXchange --专用自动交换分机
    A private telephone exchange.
    --专用电话交换机
  • Package --封装
    电子元件的保护性容器,有接线端与内部的电路元件相连
  • Packaging --包装
    在产品从生产地向使用地运输过程中,盛放和保护产品的所有材料.
    包装分为三种:
    - 一级包装,离产品最近,盛放产品和保护产品免受损伤(例如盛放液体的桶或瓶子,盛放固体的盒子或塑料套);
    - 二极包装,对单个产品进行模块包装(例如盛放单个瓶子的纸盒,也包括这些箱子中的泡沫);
    - 三极包装有助于货物的运输(如集装箱)
    由于包装是城市垃圾的主要部分,在发达国家有一种倾向,限制使用的包装总量或确保它可以再生。有关国家政策包括从自愿到鼓励人们将某些垃圾分捡再生(玻璃大多数是瓶子,铝大多数是软饮料盒,是一级包装;纸板几乎都是二极包装,塑料大多数是瓶子或其它容器,是一级包装)、当地要求进行垃圾分捡的收集计划、约束生产商和用户的法律、规定收集和再生包装材料的责任。
  • PAD
    Packet Assembler/Disassemblers --分组组合/拆卸
  • PAFT
    Programme for Alternative Fluorocarbon Toxicity Testing -
    -可选择的碳氟化合物毒性测试程序
  • Pagella
    实际结果与目标相比较,得到的性能计分卡,术语Pagella用于服务计分卡。
  • PAH
    Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons
    --多核芳香烃
    一系列芳环化合物,是蒽的派生物,一行中有三个苯环。其它芳环或有机物组附属于蒽。在煤、焦油和石油中可以找到它们,燃烧过程中也产生多核芳香烃。生物系统中新陈代谢产生的基本芳香核,可以形成很多不同的化合物。化学合成过程中,由于蒽及其派生物的反应性,也会形成多核芳香烃。已知或怀疑这个系列中的一些化合物是致癌物质,这类化合物似乎与香烟烟雾的致癌特性有关。
  • PAL
    1) Phase Alternate Line
    --逐行倒相制
    电视传输中进行彩色信号编码的系统,大多数欧洲国家使用
    2) Programmable Array Logic --可编程阵列逻辑
  • PAN
    Peroxyacetyl nitrate
    --硝酸过氧化乙酰
    与阳光、碳氢化合物反应和氮的氧化有关的光化学反应中,产生的空气污染物。最常见的类型是硝酸过氧化乙酰。过多地暴露在这种化合物下,对眼睛有刺激,并且会损伤植被。
  • Paper --纸张
    在现代社会中,纸张是一种主要商品,因此是主要的污染物来源。生产纸张产生很多环境问题。树木是生产纸张的主要原料,如果采伐不当,可以导致森林破坏、侵蚀或其它问题。从历史上看,纸张生产是空气和水污染的主要污染源,还产生有害的废物。在上个世纪60、70年代,造纸业是环境规范的主要约束工业。生产纸张也需要使用很多水和有害化学制品。丢弃在垃圾填埋场的大量纸张意味着,如果这些原料用作其它用途,它们的废弃周期没有这么快。由于在纸张漂白过程中使用氯,当它和其它城市废物(含有更多的氯)一起使用时,产生二氧(杂)芑的可能性更大。为解决纸张生产的这些问题,很多国家正积极鼓励使用再生纸,使用通过特定收集程序收集的一部分废纸,作为这种纸张的生产原料。
  • PAR
    Program-Aid Routine --程序设计的辅助系统
  • Paradigm --范例
    一种模式、例子或模型,表明我们如何理解这种模式、例子或模型,其它人可能不这么理解。
  • Paradigm Shift --范例变换
    要求采取新行动,对基本值进行变换
  • Parallel --并行
    一次处理数据或指令中的几位,而不是一次一位
  • Parasitic --寄生
    指不需要的分布电容、电感耦和或电阻泄露以及不需要的晶体管作用。在单片集成电路中,第一个和最后一个是影响最大的。
  • Pareto Analysis --Pareto分析
    一种技术,用来根据潜在问题区域对问题的贡献将潜在问题区域进行分级,从大量微不足道的问题区域中找出少数主要问题区域,以意大利经济学家Wilfredo Pareto命名。
  • Parfocal --等焦面
    变换显微镜的物镜时,基本保持聚焦的视场
  • Participative Management --参与管理
    关注职员的参与和自我实现的管理方法
  • Particulate matter --微粒物质
    1) 在水污染中,微粒物质指固态或溶解状态的固体材料。不可溶微粒物质包括水中沉淀出的微粒物质或通过过滤器滤出的微粒物质。微粒物质由沙、泥和一些有机物质组成。如果有水存在,溶解的微粒物质不会沉淀或通过过滤器滤出。如果将水蒸发,这些物质会恢复原来状态,它们称作可溶微粒物质。盐是这种类型的一个例子。

    2) 在空气污染中,微粒物质用来指固态微粒如尘土,或气流、其它气体携带的液滴。当微粒物质的直径等于或小于10微米(PM10)时,对人体健康有害。这是美国环境保护署建立的微粒物质环境空气质量标准中,对此所做的规定。这种大小的微粒可以深入到呼吸系统内部,潜在地伤害肺的气体交换表面,或被吸收到血液中,可能引起全身组织中毒。
  • Passivation --钝化
    在晶片上涂一层材料,使表面稳定并保护表面。二氧化硅或氮化硅常用于集成电路的钝化。
  • Passive Components --无源元件
    没有增益或电流开关能力的电子元件。通常指电阻、电容或电感
  • PAT
    Profit After Tax -税后利润
  • Pattern Generator --图形发生器
    从CAD系统定义的编码图像中,自动产生标线的系统
  • Patterning
    图像从标线或掩模转换到光阻材料上的过程
  • Pb
    Lead --铅
  • PBG
    Profit Business Group --得益商业团体
  • PBGA
    Plastic Ball Grid Array --塑料球形栅格阵列
  • PBT
    Profit Before Tax -税前利润
  • PBU
    Product Business Unit --产品交易单位
  • PC
    1) Personal Computer
    --个人计算机
    桌面或便携式计算机。通常指基于IBM PC AT构架的计算机
    2) Printed Circuit --印刷电路
    3) Politically Correct --政策正确

    发言或书写方式与现代质量和正确性的观点一致
    4) Production Control --生产控制
  • PCB
    1) Printed circuit board --印刷电路板
    2) Polychlorinated biphenyls
    --多氯化联(二)苯
    氯化程度不同的多种联苯(芳香化合物)混合物,过去大量用做变压器和电容器的绝缘和冷却剂,用作蜡中的可塑剂,以及用来制造纸张和墨水。在大多数国家,除了在封闭的环境(主要是变压器和电容器)中使用外,已经禁止使用它。有些国家已经规定逐步淘汰它的所有应用。
  • PCE
    全氯乙烯(也称作四氯乙烯)
  • PCDF
    Polychlorinated dibenzofurans --多氯化氧芴
  • PCI
    Peripheral Component Interconnect --周边元件扩展接口
  • PCMCIA
    Personal Computer Memory Card International Association
    --个人计算机存储卡国际协会
  • PCN
    1) Product Change Notification
    --产品更改通知
    通知用户工艺更改的文件
    2) Parametric Causal Networks --参数因果网络
    3) Personal Communications Network
    --个人通信网
  • PCP
    Pentachlorophenol --五氯苯酚
  • PCS
    Project Control System
    --计划控制系统
    TPA、CMG、MPG和DSG使用该系统控制它们的研发计划,它与Table System和PRIS连接。
  • PCT
    Physical-Chemical Treatment
    --物理-化学处理
    用来表示任何废水或废物处理方法的一般术语,后者属于物理分离方法(比如过滤、沉淀、撇去浮沫、浮选)和化学转换(比如转换成可溶解的盐、中和、氧化、还原)。
  • PCWG
    Personal Conferencing Working Group --个人会议工作组
  • PD
    1) Policy Development --政策制定
    2) Peak Detection --峰值检波
    3) Pulse Detector --脉冲检波器
  • PDA
    Personal Digital Assistant --个人数字助理
  • PDCA
    Plan, Do, Check, Act --计划、执行、检查、采取行动
    Deming或Kaizen周期
  • PDCA CYCLE --PDCA周期
    采用Deming周期的PDCA周期。在研究、设计、生产和销售过程中,Deming周期强调持续的交互作用。PDCA周期强调,通过认真使用计划、执行、检查、采取行动这个序列,可以改进每个管理行为的效果。
  • PDF
    Portable Document Format
    --可移植文档格式
    Adobe Acrobat使用的文件格式的后缀,可以使用免费程序Acrobat Reader阅读
  • PDIP
    Plastic Dual In line Package --塑料双列直插封装
  • PDPC
    Process Decision Program Chart
    --过程决策规划图表
    运筹学中使用的过程决策规划图表。为达到特定目的而采取的行动,并不总是根据计划进行,而且不可预料的进展可能引起严重的后果。开发PDPC的目的不仅是为了达到最佳的结果,而且是为了避免意外。这是质量控制的一种语言数据工具。
  • P/E
    Price/Earnings ratio --价格/赢利比
  • PE
    1) Population Equivalent --人口当量
    2) polyethylene --聚乙烯
  • PEC
    1) Peripheral Event Controller --外围事件控制器
    2) Production Environment Control --生产环境控制
  • PEL
    Permissible Exposure Limit --允许排放极限
  • Pellicule
    一种透明的薄膜,保护掩模或标线表面免受空气污染
  • PeopleFirst
    意法半导体的基于Peoplesoft软件的人力资源管理信息系统
  • Perc
    Perchloroethylene --全氯乙烯
  • Percolation --渗透
    水从亚表土层快速向下流动,通常继续向下流入地下水中
  • Permit --许可证
    由被认可的国家机构颁发的授权书、许可证或等同的控制文件,以贯彻环境规范的要求。如许可废水处理厂进行生产或许可可能产生有毒排放物的工厂进行生产。只要工厂达到程序和性能标准,就授权它开始和继续生产。
  • PERT
    Program Evaluation and Review Technique
    --程序估计和检查技术
    一种项目管理技术,在每项活动中将关键路径法(CPM)和三种时间估计结合起来,对项目做出最好情况、最差情况和最可能情况的进度表。
  • Pesticide --农药
    用来杀死不需要的生物体的化学药剂。大多数药剂发挥作用时,选择性不高。可以从杀死的生物体的种类,对农药进行分类。最常见的农药是杀虫剂(在环境中使用以杀死害虫);另一类大量使用的农药是除草剂(在环境中使用以杀死不需要的植物);杀真菌剂经常用作防腐剂,防止腐烂;灭鼠剂用来控制老鼠和类似动物的繁衍;后两种使用得比前两种少。使用农药来控制作物病患,提高农业产量,进行城市害虫控制,保护材料如木材。从这点看,它确实取得了成功。但是,它们也引起了更广泛的环境影响,影响其它不需要杀灭的野生物种的生存。而且,一些物种,尤其是昆虫,对农药产生了抗药性,这意味着必须增加剂量(随之而来的是,对环境产生更深远的影响)或寻找新农药。
  • PET
    Polyethylene terephthalate --聚对酞酸乙二酯
  • PFC
    Perfluorinated compound
    --全氟化合物
    一类简单的碳氢化合物派生物,氟代替了所有的氢原子(如CF4)。怀疑这些气体是很强的温室气体,它们的使用在增长,尤其是在微电子工业,在离子刻蚀工艺中使用它们。
  • PGA
    Pin Grid Array --网格插针阵列
  • PGP
    Pretty Good Privacy
    --保密性很好
  • PG TAPE
    Pattern generation tape
    --图形产生磁带
    描述新电路的计算机文件,它是设计部门的最终产品,是制作掩膜的输入。
  • pH --pH值
    用来表示酸或碱性溶液浓度的单位。用氢离子浓度倒数的对数计算而来。取值范围是0-14,小于7.0是酸性,大于7.0是碱性。 PH=7.0是中性。由于这个单位从常用对数得来,pH值相差1表示酸性差10倍(101),pH值相差2表示酸性差100倍(102)。
  • PHC
    Principal Hazardous Constituent
    --主要危害要素
  • Phoenix --菲尼克斯
    美国亚利桑那州的城市。意法半导体8"晶片生产厂所在地
  • Phosphates --磷酸盐
    描述磷酸(h3po4)派生物的一般术语。包含磷酸盐基(po4-3)的化学制品可以是有机或无机物和溶解的微粒。磷酸盐是植物重要的养料。如果地表水中排放的数量太多,会导致水生植物的过度生长和海藻污染。
  • phosphine --磷化氢
    半导体处理过程中使用的磷和氢的化合物。毒性很强,是n型掺杂剂
  • phosphorus --磷
    标准双极集成电路技术中,经常使用的N型掺杂剂,用于埋层接触和发射级扩散,以及NMOS的源/漏区。
  • Phosphorus Oxychloride --氢氧化磷
    一种氯化磷化合物,用作N型掺杂剂
  • Photochemical smog --光化学烟雾
    由于汽车和工厂排放到空气中的物质与阳光发生反应,在空气中产生化学产物导致的空气污染。这些反应产生的最主要的污染物是挥发性有机化合物(VOC)和氮的氧化物。阳光将这些物质转变成为二氧化氮、臭氧和过氧硝酸乙酰酯。这些气体和颗粒物质混合,产生的二氧化氮的浓度很高,足以赋予空气某种色彩,一般称作烟雾。臭氧和过氧硝酸乙酰酯对生物有害。
  • Photolithography --光刻
    使用光,将代表集成电路电路元件的图形转换到晶片上的过程
  • Photomask --光掩模
    晶片制造过程中,用来将图像转换到晶片上的媒质。光掩模用玻璃制造,涂有一层铬。
  • Photoplate --照相底版
    在掩模上形成图像前,用来指掩模的术语
  • Photo resist --光刻胶
    光刻工艺中使用的感光材料。这种液体作为晶片或衬底上的均匀薄膜。烘焙后,使用掩模进行特定图形的曝光。冲洗后剩下的材料可以耐受随后的刻蚀或注入操作。
  • photosynthesis --光合作用
    绿色植物和一些细菌中含叶绿素的分子吸收光能、转换成化学能量(光反应)的过程。这个过程中,二氧化碳减少,与其它化学元素化合产生有机中间体,这些中间体形成植物生物量(暗反应)。绿色植物释放氧分子(O2),氧在光反应中由水产生。
  • PIC
    1) Power Integrated Circuit
    --功率集成电路
    Integrated circuit that contains power functions. Often the power level is defined arbitrarily. --具有功率功能的集成电路,功率电平是随意定义的。
    2) Product Identity Card --产品识别卡
    3) Products of Incomplete Combustion
    --不完全燃烧的产物。
  • Pico
    A prefix meaning a trillionth or one-millionth of one-millionth Symbol is p. --一个前缀,代表一万亿分之一或百万分之一,百万分之一的符号是P。
  • PID
    Photoionization detector --光致电离检波器
  • PIMS
    Profit Impact of Marketing Strategies --营销策略的利润影响
    A 30+ year study involving results from more than 50,000 corporations.
  • PIN --一项进行了30多年的工作,其结果与5万多公司有关。
    Personal Identification Number --个人身份号码
    Password generally requested to identify the effective user of a card, i.e. at the cash point machine.
    --通常需要密码以识别卡的有效使用者,如在提款机上使用的卡。
  • Pin Array --管脚排列
    (Or pin-grid array or area array). --(或管脚栅格排列、或区域排列)
    A package with pins distributed over much or all of the bottom surface of the package.
    --一种封装,插脚分布在封装底部的大部分或全部表面。
  • Pinhole
    A small undesired hole in an oxide, opaque region of a mask or reticle, or in a photoresist layer.
    --氧化物、掩模或标线的不透明区域,或光刻层中不需要的小孔。
  • PIP
    Partner Interface Process
    --伙伴接口程序
  • PLA
    (Programmable Logic Array).
    --.可编程逻辑阵列
    一种通用逻辑电路,包括逻辑门阵列,可以被连接(编程)以完成不同的功能。
  • Planar --平面
    存在一个平面,所有的PN结与半导体材料的上表面相交,因此这些交叉点被掩蔽氧化物永久保护,与器件的所有接触可以在上表面进行。
  • Planar Process --平面工艺
    形成集成电路和半导体元件的平面工艺,使用一个表面作为连续操作的参考面。平面工艺需要在表面上重复使用二氧化硅(SiO2),来控制杂质的位置。
  • Plant operation --工厂运
    工厂生产活动,包括晶片生产、电子晶片挑选(EWS)、后道、工程技术支持和设施。
  • Plasma --等离子体
    一种由电离微粒组成的导电气体,使用化学或物理轰击过程,用等离子体来刻蚀不需要的材料。等离子刻蚀在反应堆中进行,反应堆可以是桶形或平面形。
  • Plasma Etching --等离子刻蚀
    将射频能量加到气态化学制品上,产生辉光放电。这个辉光放电包括活性组分(原子、基、离子),它们与需要去除的材料发生化学反应,化学反应的副产品是挥发性的。
  • PLCC
    Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier
    --有引线塑料芯片载体
    A family of integrated circuit packages for surface mounted assembly. --用于表面安装的集成电路封装系列。
  • PLD
    1) Programmable Logic Device --可编程逻辑器件
    Plastic Leadless Device --塑料无铅器件
  • PLL
    Phase Locked Loop -- 锁相环路
  • PLM
    Polarized Light Microscopy --偏振光显微镜
  • PM
    1) Post Meridiem
    2) Particulate Matter
  • PM10
    Particulate matter, 10-micron diameter and less
  • PM15
    Particulate Matter, 15-micron diameter and less
  • PMAR
    Product Marketing Action Request
  • PMDC
    Permanent Magnet Direct Current
  • PMN
    Premanufacture notice
  • PMOS
    (P-channel MOS). A type of MOSFET using holes to conduct current in the semiconductor channel. The channel has a predominantly positive charge during conduction.
  • P/N
    Part Number
  • PNAH
    Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons
  • PO
    Purchase Order
  • POA
    Package Outline Assembly
  • POD
    Proof Of Delivery
  • POHC
    Principal Organic Hazardous Constituents
  • Poka-yoke
    A Japanese term that translates literally as mistake proofing.
    The discipline of designing simple low cost methods to either prevent mistakes, or to detect them immediately & call for a corrective action, before they can be repeated and passed on.
  • Policy Deployment
    The process of deploying company goals and priorities among all functions and throughout all organizational levels.
  • Pollutant
    A chemical or physical agent introduced into the environment that may lead to pollution.
  • Pollution
    The addition of one or more chemical or physical agents (heat, electromagnetic radiation, sound) to the air, water or the land in an amount, at a rate and/or in a location that threatens human health, wildlife, plants or the orderly functioning or human enjoyment of an aspect of the environment.
  • Pollution prevention
    A term used to describe activities undertaken to prevent pollutants or contaminants from entering the environment or preventing the generation of waste. Pollution prevention is one of the key principles required by ISO 14001.
  • Polygone
    Company slang for the ST Grenoble site on the northwest side of the town. It is called Polygone because this area was originally a military shooting range - Polygone de tir, in French. Later it was transformed into a science research park named Polygone Scientifique Louis Neel, which is mostly occupied by CEA activities. ST site is next door to the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility at the confluence of the Isere and Drac rivers. Grenoble Polygone is an IP center.
  • Polysilicon
    Polycrystalline silicon. Sometimes called "poly." The form of silicon made of many small randomly-oriented crystals. Doped poly is a conductor of electricity and is often used as an alternative to metal in interconnecting devices on integrated circuits.
  • POM
    1) Polynuclear Organic Matter
    2) Particulate Organic Matter
  • PoP
    1) Point of Presence
    Internet term for access point to the Internet.
    2) Post Office Protocol
  • POR
    Power On Reset
  • Positive Resist
    Photoresist that is removed in areas that were not protected from exposure by the opaque regions of a mask - while remaining in regions that were protected by the mask. The positive image of the mask remains following the development.
  • POTW
    Publicity Owned Treatment Works
  • POU
    Point-Of-Use
  • Power dissipation
    The power wasted and converted into heat inside an electronic device. Input power is the sum of dissipated power and delivered power.
  • PowerMesh
    PowerMESH is a proprietary ST technology that replaces the traditional Power MOSFET cell geometry by a slip layout for the transistors on the chip. This reduces on-resistance by more than 20% and improves the dynamic performance due to a significant reduction of the drain-gate capacitance. It also increases manufacturability by elimination a critical mask alignment.
  • Power Supply
    A device for converting external alternating current into the direct current voltages needed to run an electronic device.
  • PP
    1) Product Preview
    2) Pollution Prevention
    3) Production Planning (SAP)
    The system for capacity mapping of machines.
  • ppb
    Parts per billion, by mass
  • ppb(v)
    Parts per billion, by volume
  • PPCMOS
    Double poly silicon complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
  • PPE
    Personal Protective Equipment
  • PPG
    Programmable Products Group
    One of ST's 6 product groups for programmable products like microprocessors, digital signal processors and gate arrays. Renamed CMG in November 1998.
  • PPGA
    Plastic Pin Grid Array
  • PPM or ppm
    Parts Per Million
    A term used to cover the number of foreign or different parts in a set.
    When applied to quality, PPM indicates the number of defects.
  • ppm(v)
    Parts per million, by volume
  • PPP
    1) Point to Point Protocol
    2) Polluter Pays Principle
    A principle first enunciated in the late 1960's that declares that the cost of pollution, in terms of degraded water and air, contaminated land and groundwater, etc., should not come from outsiders (i.e., should not be an externality). Instead, the person who profits from the formation of the pollution (in an industrial context, the manufacturer of the goods whose production processes generated the pollution) should pay for the cost of reducing to acceptable levels, the quantities that reach the environment.
    3)Point-to-Point Protocol
  • PPS
    Pulses Per Second
  • ppt
    Parts per trillion, by mass
  • ppth
    Parts per Thousand
  • ppt(v)
    Parts per trillion, by volume
  • PQC
    Product Qualification Certificate
    Document that must be approved before a product can pass from maturity 20 (engineering) to maturity 30 (production).
  • PQFP
    Plastic Quad Flat Pack
    A family of integrated circuit packages for surface mounted assembly.
  • PR
    1) Press Release
    2) Partial Response
  • PRACAL
    Page-Replacement Algorithm and Control Logic
  • PRBS
    Pseudo-Random Binary Sequence
  • PRC
    PRocess Specification
  • PRD
    Product
  • Precursor
    An air contaminant that reacts with sunlight and/or other compounds in the air to produce new chemical materials; the most well-known example is the production of ozone from the atmospheric reactions involving oxides of nitrogen and volatile organic compounds (VOC's).
  • PRM
    Revolutions Per Minute
  • PRMD
    Private Management Domain
  • PRML
    Partial Response Maximum Likelihood
  • PRN
    Pseudo Random Noise
  • PROM
    Programmable Read Only Memory
  • PRP
    Potentially Responsible Party
  • Precap
    Inspection of a semiconductor device carried out before the package is closed.
  • Predeposition
    The first part of a two-part diffusion. In this part, a high concentration is diffused shallowly into the surface. This acts as a source for the second or drive-in portion of the process.
  • Preforms, Solder
    Formed pieces of solder material for closing microcircuit packages. Additionally used in some applications to attach chip to package.
  • Printed Circuit Board
    (PCB) Substrate on which a predetermined pattern or printed wiring and printed elements has been formed. Also called a printed wiring board
  • PRIS
    1)Product Referential Information System
    The ST product database.
    2) Pattern Recognition System
  • Probability
    The chance something happens; the percent of number of occurrences over a large number of trials.
  • Probe
    In the semiconductor sector a probe is a needle-like contact used to connect the test circuit to a die during wafer testing.
  • Probe cost
    The cost of wafer testing.
  • Probing
    Term used to describe the testing of individual IC dice by using very fine probes to temporarily connect each to a test computer, thus verifying proper operation. A bad die will usually be marked with a spot of ink.
  • Process Average
    The tendency of a given process characteristic across a given amount of time or at a specific point in time.
  • Process Capability Index Cpk
    A measure of process variability compared to the process specification and the target.
  • Process Variability
    The distance from -3 sigma to +3 sigma in a process distribution curve; also called "process spread".
  • Program
    A sequence of detailed instructions for performing some operation or solving some problem.
  • PROM
    Programmable Read Only Memory
    A read-only memory that can be programmed after manufacture by external equipment. Typically PROMs utilize fusible links that may be burned open to produce a logic bit in a specific location.
  • PRIS
    1) Product Referential Information System
    2) Pattern Recognition System
  • Propagation Delay
    The propagation delay of a circuit is the finite period of time (delay) measured from the instant when the input signal(s) is applied until the output has reached its final value.
  • Proximity Aligner
    An optical system that uses proximity printing to expose a wafer.
  • Proximity Printing
    Exposure of a wafer by passing light through a mask that is very close to, but not in contact with, the photoresist-coated wafer. Collimated light is required to ensure minimum image resolution.
  • PRS
    Pattern Recognition System
  • PS
    Polystyrene
  • PSC
    Product Stability Certificate
    Document that must be approved for a product to pass from maturity 30 (production) to maturity 40 (excellence).
  • PSD
    Programmable System Device
  • PSG
    Programmable Sound Generator
  • PSI
    Pounds per Square Inch
  • PSI
    Pollutant Standards Index
  • PSI
    Pressure Per Square Inch
  • PSIA
    Pounds per Square Inch (Absolute)
  • PSIG
    Pressure Per Square Inch Gauge
  • PSM
    Programmable System Memories
  • PSP
    Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning
  • PSS
    Power Supply Supervisor
  • PST
    Problem Solving Team
    Also called TOPS (Team Oriented Problem Solving). These are temporary teams, set up to solve specific problems, to identify and eliminate root causes and to prevent recurrence. These teams are disbanded once their task is completed.
  • PTFE
    Polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon)
  • PTH
    Plated Thru Hole
    Used in most PCB's to connect layers.
  • PTS
    Peripheral Technology Solutions
  • P-type Semiconductor
    A semiconductor crystal containing a small amount of "dopant" atoms that have one less outer electron than the other atoms. Each "dopant" atom causes one unoccupied spot, called a "hole," among the electrons that are bound in their orbits. The holes are positively charged and in effect move, constituting an electric current. Boron is a commonly used P-type dopant for silicon.
  • PTT
    Push To Talk (microphone)
  • PU
    Polyurethane
  • PUT
    Programmable Uni-junction Transistor
  • PV
    Photo Voltaic
  • PVC
    Polyvinyl chloride
    A strong synthetic plastic, used in pipe, toys, electrical coverings, and many other products. Carcinogen.
  • PVR
    Personal Video Recorders
    Also known as a "digital video recorder" or "DVR," it is a consumer device that digitizes broadcast TV onto a hard disk and plays it back immediately, allowing the viewer to pause at any time and return later. Using hardware-based MPEG-2 compression like DVD movies, it also records programs for later viewing just like a VCR. Using a phone line, the PVR can call a service provider and download the channel guide updates as well as software updates for the unit itself. The PVR can also be set to periodically record favorite shows whenever they are broadcast. Also built into satellite receivers and set-top boxes, ReplayTV (www.replaytv.com) and TiVo (www.tivo.com) were the first to introduce products in 1999
  • PWAT
    Pentawatt
  • PWM
    Pulse Width Modulators
  • PWMC
    Pulse Width Modulators/Controller
  • PWR
    1) PoWeR
    2) Pressurized Water Reactor